1-
History & Object
2- The
Essentials (Offense & Defense,
Scoring, Etc.)
3- Fouls
4- Field
Diagram and Positions
5- Glossary
of Water Polo Terms
Common
Referee Signals
Whistles
and Fouls
Water
polo is a physical sport. There
is a considerable contact under
the water. Unlike many sports
where play is stopped anytime
a whistle blows or a foul is
called, in water polo the speed
of play often increases following
a whistle.
Foul
Type
There
are three types of fouls: ordinary,
exclusion, and penalty fouls.
Ordinary
foul: Violation of minor
rules. Results in free
throw for fouled team.
Accounts for the majority of
the fouls in game. Examples
include: Using two hands, impeding
the movement or pushing off
of an opponent, 2-meter violation;
shot clock violation. Signaled
by one whistle for defensive,
two for offensive. Referee points
in direction ball will be playing.
Exclusion
foul (kickout): More serious
violations of the rules. Often
called for playing the
player, not the ball.
Results in the exclusion of
a player unitl 20 seconds has
passed, a goal is scored, or
possession has changed. Examples
include: interfering with a
free throw or holding, sinking
or pulling a player not holding
the ball or committing and ordinary
foul during dead time. Signaled
by several consecutive whistles.
Referee points at a player and
then to the re-entry area.
Penalty
foul (4-meter): Called inside
the 4- meter line, in which
a goal was probable if a foul
had not been committed. Results
in a penalty shot from the 4-meter
line. An example is during a
fast break attempt. When a defender
sinks a player that has possession
of the ball immediately in front
of the goal. Signaled by a long
whistle. Referee holds up four
fingers.
Note:
Fouls will not be called if
the offensive player is holding
the ball in hand. Often, a player
who is holding the ball may
be pulled, pushed, dunked, etc.,
and no foul is called. Although
spectators may become upset,
there is no foul to call until
the player drops the ball.
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