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Fan's Guide to Volleyball Page 4 of 5 (Fouls)

volleyball player1- History & Object
2- The Essentials (Offense & Defense, Scoring, Etc.)
3- Court Diagram and Positions
4- Fouls
5- Glossary of Volleyball Terms

Common Referee Signals

A referee, sitting on an elevated platform at the side of the net, governs the match to ensure fair and safe play. An umpire, standing on the opposite side of the court than the referee, assists the referee. These officials control the flow of the game, score points, direct substitutions, and enforce the rules by calling faults. Faults, or errors, result in one point for the opposition. When stopping play to enforce rules, the referee will sound the whistle and use hand gestures to signal the call. Common faults include: contacting the net, lifting the ball, blocking a serve, hitting the ball two times in a row, stepping over the service line on a serve, reaching over the net (unless during a block or follow-through of a spike), or reaching under the net. Additionally, it is a fault when a back-row player spikes or blocks the ball in front of the attack line. Serious violations result in a yellow card (warning) or red card (ejection from the game). Other officials include line judges, who assist the referee by calling the ball out of bounds at the end lines, which is signaled by the use of hand gestures or flags.

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